ABSTRACT
Cluster of differentiation 147(CD147)/extracellular matrix metalloproteinase inducer (EMMPRIN) is a widely distributed transmembrane glycoprotein that belongs to the immunoglobulin superfamily and is highly enriched on the surface of malignant tumour cells. A major function of CD147 is to stimulate matrix metalloproteinase production in stromal fibroblasts and endothelial cells. CD147 promotes growth,invasion,metastasis,and glycolysis of malignant cells,induces angiogenesis,multidrug resistance,and anoikis resistance,and inhibits starvation-induced autophagy et al. This review focuses on the structural and biological characteristics of CD147 as well as recent advances in its multiple functions in malignant tumours and underlining mechanisms.
Subject(s)
Humans , Basigin , Metabolism , Fibroblasts , Neoplasms , Metabolism , Neovascularization, PathologicABSTRACT
Cancer stem cells are cells with stem cell characteristics within a tumor. With increased proliferative capabilities, they are able to self-renew and develop into various cell types, and thus play important roles in the formation, development, metastasis, and recurrence of tumors. MicroRNAs are a class of endogenous, small non-protein coding RNA molecules. Through regulating the expression of genes depending on the complementation between the microRNAs and their targets, microRNAs play important roles in various human cancers. This article summarizes recent research advances in the roles of microRNAs in cancer stem cells.
Subject(s)
Humans , MicroRNAs , Neoplastic Stem CellsABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the clinicopathological characteristics of gastrointestinal tract involvement of anaplastic large cell lymphoma (ALCL).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The clinicopathological features of four patients with ALCL that involved gastrointestinal tract were retrospectively analyzed using immunohistochemical study, T-cell receptor gene rearrangement analysis, and evaluation for Epstein Barr virus infection status.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Most tumor cells in all these four cases are large and highly pleomorphic, and all four cases were classified as the common pattern ALCL. Tumor cells in all four tumors expressed CD30, and expressed at least one cytotoxic maker. Two patients were confirmed to be with anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK)-positive ALCL, and four patients were negative during in situ hybridization for Epstein-Barr virus-encoded RNA but showed clonal T-cell receptor gene rearrangement.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Gastrointestinal tract involvement of ALCL has the unique clinicopathological features.</p>
Subject(s)
Adult , Female , Humans , Male , Biomarkers, Tumor , Metabolism , Epstein-Barr Virus Infections , Gastrointestinal Neoplasms , Diagnosis , Pathology , Gene Rearrangement, T-Lymphocyte , Ki-1 Antigen , Metabolism , Lymphoma, Large-Cell, Anaplastic , Diagnosis , Pathology , Retrospective StudiesABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To construct certain chimeric E3s expression plasmids targetting oncoprotein Ras by harnessing the theory of protein knockdown.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>We chose the binding domain of Raf-1, PI3K, RalGDS, and the function domain of F-Box as well as the U-Box to construct the plasmids. Then used the double enzyme, PCR, and sequence to test the validity and integrity of the cloned nucleotide fragments. The expression efficiency of the plasmids in eukaryotic cells was detected by Western blot analysis.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Five of 6 plasmids in this study expressed the corresponding fusion proteins in HEK293T cells, and (RBD+CRD)(Raf-1)- U-Box-pcDNA3.1 can knocked down the protein level of Ras in PANC-1 cells.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>We successfully constructed the chimeric E3 expression plasmids, which provides a solid basis for further research on protein knockdown.</p>